1. Conventional Fire Alarm Systems

Conventional systems perform fire detection on a regional (zone-based) basis. Detectors are connected to predefined zones, and in the event of an alarm, only the affected zone is identified; precise point location is not available.

Technical Features

• Zone-based detection (typically 8–16 zones)

• Simple cabling infrastructure

• Cost-effective system structure

• No device-level addressing

Application Areas

• Small and medium-sized buildings

• Shops, offices, residential buildings

• Low-risk facilities

Disadvantages

• Exact fire location cannot be identified

• Higher probability of false alarms

• Management difficulties in large-scale buildings

2. Addressable (Analog Addressable) Fire Alarm Systems

Addressable fire alarm systems are advanced systems in which each detector and manual call point has a unique address. In the event of a fire or fault, the exact location of the incident is clearly displayed on the control panel.

Technical Features

• Loop (ring) cabling structure

• Depending on the manufacturer, 127–250 addressable devices per loop

• Continuous analog data transmission from detectors

• Monitoring of fire, pre-alarm, fault, and contamination levels

Application Areas

• Large and complex buildings

• Hospitals, shopping malls, hotels

• Industrial facilities and campuses

Advantages

• Precise point detection

• Low false alarm rate

• Advanced reporting and monitoring

• Integration with automation and fire suppression systems

3. Intelligent Fire Alarm Systems

Intelligent systems provide algorithm-based evaluation, environmental adaptability, and scenario management in addition to addressable infrastructure.

Technical Features

• Multi-criteria detectors (smoke + heat + CO)

• Automatic threshold adjustment based on environmental conditions

• Intelligent alarm verification algorithms

• Full integration with building automation systems

Application Areas

• High-security facilities

• Data centers

• Smart building projects

4. Wireless Fire Alarm Systems

Wireless systems are designed for environments where cabling is difficult or not feasible. Communication between detectors and the control panel is established via encrypted RF signals.

Technical Features

• Battery-powered or hybrid operation

• Encrypted wireless communication

• Fast and easy installation

• Non-invasive installation for existing buildings

Application Areas

• Historical buildings

• Restoration projects

• Temporary facilities

5. Aspirating (Air Sampling) Fire Detection Systems

Aspirating systems continuously analyze ambient air through pipe networks, enabling fire detection at a very early stage.

Technical Features

• Micro-smoke detection capability

• Continuous air sampling

• High-sensitivity sensors

• Compliance with EN 54-20 standards

Application Areas

• Data centers and server rooms

• Archives and museums

• Clean rooms

6. Special Purpose Fire Detection Systems

• Flame Detectors: IR / UV / IR-UV technologies

• Explosion-proof (Ex-proof) detectors

• Specialized detection solutions for industrial process areas

Conclusion

Selecting the correct fire alarm system must be based on risk analysis, building characteristics, and international standards. Incorrect system selection may lead to security vulnerabilities as well as unnecessary costs.

Digi Build Systems designs, implements, and sustainably manages fire detection and alarm systems with an engineering-driven, project-specific approach for every application.